Which component of the cell is responsible for producing ribosomes?

The nucleolus is the component of the cell specifically responsible for producing ribosomes. It is located within the nucleus and is primarily involved in the assembly of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and the formation of ribosomal subunits. Once these subunits are assembled, they are transported out of the nucleolus into the cytoplasm, where they combine to form functional ribosomes that play a crucial role in protein synthesis.

While the nucleus is essential for housing the genetic material and directing cellular activities, including ribosome production, it is the nucleolus within the nucleus that is directly responsible for the assembly of ribosomes. The rough endoplasmic reticulum, on the other hand, is involved in the synthesis and processing of proteins after ribosomes are formed, while lysosomes contain enzymes for digestion and waste processing and do not play a role in ribosome production.