What is the structure of DNA commonly referred to as?

The structure of DNA is commonly referred to as the double helix. This term describes its unique shape, which consists of two intertwined strands that resemble a spiral staircase. Each of these strands is composed of a backbone made of sugar and phosphate groups, with nucleotide bases extending inward and pairing between the strands. The specific pairing of bases (adenine with thymine, and cytosine with guanine) is crucial for the processes of replication and transcription, allowing DNA to store and transfer genetic information effectively.

The double helix structure is fundamental to its function in biological processes. Its stability allows for the preservation of genetic information, while the ability to separate the two strands makes it possible for cells to replicate the DNA and to access the genetic code for protein synthesis. Understanding this structure is key to studying genetics and molecular biology, as it lays the groundwork for concepts such as mutation, inheritance, and the mechanisms of various biological processes.