What is the primary function of the cell wall in prokaryotic cells?

The primary function of the cell wall in prokaryotic cells is to protect and support the cell. The cell wall acts as a rigid outer structure that helps maintain the shape of the cell, preventing it from bursting in hypotonic environments where water influx could cause swelling. Additionally, the cell wall serves as a barrier against physical stress and harmful substances, contributing to the overall integrity of the cell.

While regulating transport of substances is crucial for cellular function, this task is mainly carried out by the cell membrane, not the cell wall. Storing genetic material is the role of the nucleoid region in prokaryotic cells, where the DNA is located. Protein synthesis occurs in ribosomes, which are distinct cellular structures separate from the cell wall. Thus, the cell wall’s primary role centers around protection and structural support.