What is the primary function of the capsule in prokaryotes?

The primary function of the capsule in prokaryotes is to protect the cell and prevent desiccation. The capsule is a thick, gelatinous layer made of polysaccharides and sometimes proteins that surrounds the cell wall of certain bacteria. Its protective role is crucial, as it helps the bacterium to evade the host's immune system, making it more virulent. Furthermore, the capsule aids in retaining moisture, preventing the cell from drying out in harsh environments. This characteristic is particularly important for bacteria that encounter fluctuations in water availability.

While storing genetic information, facilitating energy production, and assisting in cell division are essential functions within the cell, they are not related to the specific role of the capsule. The capsule's primary significance lies in its protective and hydrating functions, highlighting its importance in the survival and success of prokaryotic organisms.