What is the main function of mRNA in protein synthesis?

mRNA, or messenger RNA, plays a crucial role in the process of protein synthesis by serving as the intermediary between the genetic information stored in DNA and the ribosomes, where proteins are assembled. Its primary function is to carry the genetic code transcribed from DNA to the ribosome, which translates the sequence of nucleotides in the mRNA into a specific sequence of amino acids, forming proteins.

In this process, DNA is first transcribed to produce mRNA in the nucleus. The mRNA then exits the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm. Once in the cytoplasm, the ribosomes read the sequence of codons (three-nucleotide segments) on the mRNA. Each codon corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis. This accurate transfer of genetic information from DNA to the ribosome ensures that proteins are synthesized correctly, reflecting the genetic code encoded in the DNA.

The other choices highlight different functions that are not directly related to the role of mRNA in protein synthesis. Storing genetic information is inherently a function of DNA. Transporting amino acids is primarily done by tRNA (transfer RNA), which brings the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome during synthesis. Cellular respiration refers to the metabolic process by which cells