What is one way pathogens can enter the body indirectly?

Pathogens can enter the body indirectly through vehicle transmission, which involves the transfer of infectious agents via contaminated surfaces or objects. When a person touches a surface that has been contaminated with pathogens, such as doorknobs, light switches, or handles, and then touches their mouth, nose, or eyes, they can introduce these pathogens into their body. This method of transmission does not involve direct contact with an infected individual or their bodily fluids, but rather utilizes inanimate objects as intermediaries.

In contrast, unprotected sexual contact and inhaling air from an infected individual are examples of direct transmission, where the pathogens are passed directly from one individual to another. Sharing food, while it does involve indirect contact, typically relates to a shared act of consumption rather than a method by which pathogens linger on inanimate surfaces. Therefore, vehicle transmission through contaminated surfaces represents a significant mode of indirect infection that highlights the importance of hygiene practices to prevent disease spread.