What do Golgi apparatus and Golgi vesicles primarily function in?

The Golgi apparatus and Golgi vesicles play a crucial role in the processing and packaging of proteins for transport to their destination within or outside of the cell. The Golgi apparatus modifies proteins received from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), such as adding carbohydrate groups to glycoproteins or altering the protein's structure. Once the proteins are properly modified, they are packaged into vesicles that bud off from the Golgi apparatus.

These vesicles can either transport the proteins to different parts of the cell or facilitate their secretion outside the cell. This function of modifying and packaging proteins is vital for maintaining the correct biochemical activities within the cell and ensuring that proteins reach their proper locations where they can perform their functions effectively.