What additional factors influence exchange in biological systems?

The correctness of the answer revolves around the understanding of how various environmental and biological factors affect the movement of substances in biological systems.

Diffusion distance plays a critical role in exchange processes, as it describes how far a substance must travel to move from one area to another. The shorter the diffusion distance, the more efficient the exchange will be. Similarly, temperature significantly impacts the rate of molecular movement; as temperature increases, molecules move faster, improving the efficiency of diffusion and other exchange processes. Metabolic rate also influences how quickly substances are exchanged. Higher metabolic rates typically require more rapid exchange of gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide, as well as nutrients and waste products.

While other factors, such as concentration gradients and ion balance, certainly play roles in exchange processes, the combination of diffusion distance, temperature, and metabolic rate more comprehensively captures key contributors to how substances move within biological systems. Each of these factors directly connects to the fundamental principles of biochemistry and cell biology, making them crucial for understanding biological exchanges.