How many stages or divisions are involved in meiosis?

Meiosis consists of two distinct stages known as meiosis I and meiosis II. Each of these stages involves a series of steps that are essential for the reduction of chromosome number and the generation of gametes (sperm and eggs in animals).

During meiosis I, homologous chromosomes are separated, which reduces the chromosome number by half; this is a critical process because it ensures that each gamete will carry only one set of chromosomes. Following meiosis I, meiosis II occurs, where sister chromatids are separated, similar to what happens in mitosis. This results in four non-identical haploid gametes from the original diploid cell.

Understanding the two stages of meiosis is fundamental in biology because it underpins the principles of sexual reproduction and genetic diversity. Each stage is crucial for the proper distribution of genetic material, making the two-stage process vital in the life cycles of organisms that reproduce sexually.